software | Windows |
These instructions read a full pointer from memory and store it in the
selected segment register:register pair. The full pointer loads 16 bits
into the segment register SS, DS, ES, FS, or GS
source :
http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2008/readings/i386/LGS.htm
software |GNU/Linux|
(gdb) info registers
rax 0xfffffffffffffdfc -516
rbx 0x5dc 1500
rcx 0xffffffffffffffff -1
rdx 0x5dc 1500
rsi 0x1 1
rdi 0x7fff599ac280 140734696702592
rbp 0x1f08af0 0x1f08af0
rsp 0x7fff599ac230 0x7fff599ac230
r8 0x0 0
r9 0xffffffff 4294967295
r10 0x8 8
r11 0x246 582
r12 0x7fff599ac280 140734696702592
r13 0x7fff599ac290 140734696702608
r14 0x0 0
r15 0x1 1
rip 0x7f0129e710c8 0x7f0129e710c8
eflags 0x246 [ PF ZF IF ]
cs 0x33 51
ss 0x2b 43
ds 0x0 0
es 0x0 0
fs 0x0 0
gs 0x0 0
(gdb)
Instead of FS segment descriptor on x86 versions of the Windows NT
family, GS segment descriptor is used to point to two operating system
defined structures: Thread Information Block (NT_TIB) in user mode
and Processor Control Region (KPCR) in kernel mode. Thus, for example,
in user mode GS:0 is the address of the first member of the Thread
Information Block. Maintaining this convention made the x86-64 port
easier, but required AMD to retain the function of the FS and GS
segments in long mode — even though segmented addressing per se is
not really used by any modern operating system.[38]
source :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64
| Related Discussion |
leilei wrote:
I am writting a program for target board which have a 486 cpu, 512K
ram(0x0 to 0x7ffff), 512k flash (0x80000 to 0xFFFFF).My program will
be burned into flash.
My program is to initialize the GDT, IDT, TSS, move them to memory.
Now I can enter protected model and mov GDT, IDT correctly.But when I
am about to mov TSS, some exception came out, and the CPU reset
automaticly. The code casue the problem is like this:
mov cx, gdt_idx
mov gs, cx
when cpu run to the instuction 'mov gs, cx', CPU will reset.
i can assure the value in cx is correctly.
can any one give me some tips about how can this be happend?
This seems to have nothing to do with TSS, yet.
The CPU is not happy with the selector attempted
to load GS with.
Please check that the number in CX is a valid GDT
selector within the table range.
It also seems that there is no handler available
for the exception generated by the segment loading.
--
Tauno Voipio
tauno voipio (at) iki fi
source :
http://coding.derkeiler.com/Archive/General/comp.arch.embedded/2008-04/msg01432.html
| Variation |
I think eax has a typical closer connection to 32 bit
software architecture of an operating system and rax
is like for 64 bit OS.
Link(s).
http://lists.xensource.com/archives/html/xen-devel/2006-12/msg00547.html