Dead lock Nonatomic actions introduce the possibility that the protocol can deadlock, meaning that it reaches a state where it cannot continue. Now, on the context of congestion control deadlock is acheived when the packets in the interconnect can make no forward progress no matter what sequence of events happens. References : Snooping Protocols. Congestion …
Tag Archives: Computer
window size and…
Window The set of instructions that is examined for simultaneous execution is called the window.Each instruction in the window must be kept in the processor,and the number of comparisons required every clock is equal to the maximum completion rate times the window size times the number of operands per instruction (typically 6 * 80 * …
loop-level parallelism
loop level parallelism The simplest and the common way to increase the amount of parallelism available among instructions is to exploit parallelism among iterations of a loop. This type of parallelism is often called loop-level parallelism. Here is a simple example of a loop, which adds two 1000-element arrays that is completely parallel. for (i=1;i<= …
context switch
context switch Multiprogramming leads to the concept of a process. Metaphorically,a process is a program’s breathing air and living space-that is,a running program plus any state needed to continue running it.Time- sharing is a variation of multi-programming that shares the CPU and memory with several interactive users at the same time, giving the illusion that …
difference engine.
Difference Engine Weierstrass: A machine to compute mathematical tables – Any continuous function can be approximated by a polynomial – Any Polynomial can be computed from difference tables [latex] \int{(n)} = n^{2}+n+41 \\ d1(n) = \int{(n)} – \int{(n-1)} = 2n \\ d2(n) = d1{(n)} – d1{(n-1)} = 2 \\ [/latex] Make a Table with the …
cairo graphics 0.1 (line)
#include #include int i=0; static gboolean draw(GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventExpose *event, gpointer data) { cairo_t *cr; cr = gdk_cairo_create(widget->window); cairo_set_source_rgb(cr, 0, 0, 0); cairo_set_line_width (cr, 0.5); /*for (i=0;i<200;i++) { */ cairo_move_to(cr,30,60); /* cairo_line_to(cr,30+i,60+i);*/ cairo_line_to(cr,40,200); cairo_stroke(cr); /* cairo_surface_flush(); */ /* usleep(100000);*/ /*} */ cairo_destroy(cr); return FALSE; } int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; gtk_init(&argc, …
auxiliary and vector.
Words auxiliary = assistant,help,helper,supporter. vector = a one dimensional array. source: http://www.thefreedictionary.com Application Vector graphics is the use of geometrical primitives such as points, lines, curves, and shapes or polygon(s), which are all based on mat hematical equations, to represent images in computer graphics.Vector graphics formats are complementary to raster graphics, which is the representation …
negate instruction NEG
GDB shows “neg” instruction or $0xffffffffffffffff,%eax jmp 0x7f94f7fce0d0 mov 0x296e5f(%rip),%rax # 0x7f94f8264f98 neg %edx mov %edx,%fs:(%rax) or $0xffffffffffffffff,%eax jmp 0x7f94f7fce10f End of assembler dump. (gdb) 0x00007f94f7fce139 : neg %edx Process Involved software : gnome-panel. The launcher and docking facility for GNOME Explanation The neg (negate) instruction takes the two’s complement of a byte or word. …
CMP . Instruction
WinDbg shows cmp Instruction 7c9011ec 803d94b0977c00 cmp byte ptr [ntdll!fltused+0x4c (7c97b094)],0 7c9011f3 8b7508 mov esi,dword ptr [ebp+8] 7c9011f6 8945fc mov dword ptr [ebp-4],eax 7c9011f9 0f85d7ec0000 jne ntdll!RtlInitUnicodeStringEx+0x61 (7c90fed6) 7c9011ff f6461010 test byte ptr [esi+10h],10h 7c901203 0f84cdec0000 je ntdll!RtlInitUnicodeStringEx+0x61 (7c90fed6) 7c901209 5e pop esi 7c90120a c9 leave 7c90120b c20400 ret 4 ntdll!DbgBreakPoint: 7c90120e cc int 3 …
push instruction.. push %rbx
| push instruction | (gdb) disass Dump of assembler code for function _IO_default_uflow: 0x00007f7c1e9964d0 : mov 0xd8(%rdi),%rax => 0x00007f7c1e9964d7 : push %rbx 0x00007f7c1e9964d8 : mov %rdi,%rbx 0x00007f7c1e9964db : callq *0x20(%rax) 0x00007f7c1e9964de : cmp $0xffffffffffffffff,%eax 0x00007f7c1e9964e1 : je 0x7f7c1e9964f2 0x00007f7c1e9964e3 : mov 0x8(%rbx),%rdx 0x00007f7c1e9964e7 : movzbl (%rdx),%eax 0x00007f7c1e9964ea : add $0x1,%rdx 0x00007f7c1e9964ee : mov %rdx,0x8(%rbx) 0x00007f7c1e9964f2 …